{"id":5978,"date":"2020-01-02T07:17:47","date_gmt":"2020-01-01T21:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chillicomment.com\/?p=5978"},"modified":"2020-04-28T22:59:32","modified_gmt":"2020-04-28T12:59:32","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e9%bb%91%e4%ba%ba%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e3%80%8d50%e8%bc%89%e3%80%80%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e9%bb%91%e5%a5%b4%e8%a1%80%e6%b7%9a%e5%8f%b2%e7%8c%b6%e5%9c%a8%e6%b7%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chillicomment.com\/?p=5978","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d50\u8f09\u3000\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed1\u5974\u8840\u6dda\u53f2\u7336\u5728\u6dcc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7f8e\u5a92\u300a\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u90f5\u5831\u300b12\u670831\u65e5\u767c\u8868\u300a\u8ce0\u511f\u8207\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff1a\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d50\u8f09\u5f8c\u300b\uff08Reparations and Religion: 50 years after “Black Manifesto”\uff09\u5831\u5c0e\uff0c\u7565\u8ff0\u9ed1\u4eba\u8ce0\u511f\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u8208\u8870\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u624d\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u6559\u6703\u6216\u5927\u5b78\u958b\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u8ce0\u511f\u5974\u96b8\u5f8c\u4ee3\u6216\u8cc7\u52a9\u8ca7\u56f0\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4ecd\u5f15\u8d77\u8a31\u591a\u767d\u4eba\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u53cd\u611f\uff0c\u7f8e\u5357\u6d78\u4fe1\u6703\uff08Southern Baptist Convention\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u4ee5\u300c\u99ed\u4eba\u7121\u6065\u300d\uff08outrageous\uff09\u4f86\u5f62\u5bb9\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7121\u7368\u6709\u5076\uff0c\u300a\u5e95\u7279\u5f8b\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u6642\u5831\u300b\uff08Detroit Metro Times\uff09\u5247\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u65e5\u63ed\u9732\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5dde\u6c83\u502b\u5e02\u5e02\u9577\u798f\u8328\uff08James R. Fouts\uff09\u6b67\u8996\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u9304\u97f3\u3002\u798f\u8328\u4ee5\u7dca\u6025\u96fb\u8a71911\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u63a9\u98fe\u5730\u8aaa\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7121\u804a\u96fb\u8a71\uff08Bullshit calls\uff09\u7531\u9ed1\u4eba\u64a5\u6253\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u5011\u7121\u8ad6\u4f55\u6642\u90fd\u64a5\u6253911\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u55ce\uff1f\u4ed6\u5011\u70ba\u4e86\u566a\u97f3\u6216\u7463\u788e\u7d30\u4e8b\u5c31\u53eb\u8b66\u5bdf\u2026\u2026\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u500b\u986f\u8457\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5c0d\u5427\uff1f\u641e\u4e0d\u597d\u4ed6\u5011\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c31\u5728\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd60\uff05\uff0c\u5c0d\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u66f4\u9ad8\uff1f\u300d\u6839\u64da\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u6c83\u502b\u5e02\u8d77\u78bc\u670920\uff05\u5c45\u6c11\u70ba\u9ed1\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u798f\u8328\u4e5f\u4e26\u975e\u9996\u6b21\u5c0d\u9ed1\u4eba\u53e3\u5410\u60e1\u8a00\u3002\u9019\u986f\u898b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6797\u80af\u5ba3\u5e03\u89e3\u653e\u9ed1\u5974\u5df2\u904e\u4e86100\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u4ecd\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u63ee\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u96d6\u71361865\u5e7412\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u52d9\u537f\u897f\u83ef\u5fb7\uff08William Henry Seward\uff09\u6b63\u5f0f\u6279\u51c6\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c13\u689d\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u5ba3\u544a\u5c31\u6b64\u5ee2\u9664\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u8207\u5f37\u5236\u52de\u5f79\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u4e26\u64f4\u5927\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u6797\u80af\uff08Abraham Lincoln\uff09\u65bc1863\u5e741\u6708\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u5974\u96b8\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08The Emancipation Proclamation\uff09\u7684\u6548\u529b\u8207\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7372\u5f97\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\u4e0d\u518d\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u5357\u65b9\u90a6\u806f\u7684\u53db\u4e82\u5dde\u800c\u5df2\uff1b\u800c\u50b3\u7d71\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff1a1619\u5e748\u670820\u65e5\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u9ed1\u5974\u88ab\u8ce3\u81f3\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c072019\u5e74\u8996\u70ba\u9ed1\u5974\u62b5\u9054400\u5468\u5e74\u4f86\u53cd\u601d\u8207\u7d00\u5ff5\u3002\uff08\u5118\u7ba1\u53f2\u5bb6\u5927\u885b\u2027\u8afe\u862d\uff08David Nolan\uff09\u767c\u73fe\u65e9\u57281565\u5e74\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4eba\u5c31\u65bc\u4f5b\u7f85\u91cc\u9054\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed1\u5974\uff0c\u6545\u5f37\u8abf\u5c07\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u7684\u6feb\u89f4\u90fd\u6b78\u8af8\u65bc\u82f1\u570b\u4eba\u662f\u300c\u6436\u52ab\u9ed1\u4eba\u6b77\u53f2\u300d\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4eba\u4e5f\u6c92\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u767d\u4eba\u90fd\u6a02\u610f\u9019\u6a23\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5317\u7f8e\u793e\u6703\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u6642\u671f\u4e43\u81f3\u7368\u7acb\u5f8c\uff0c\u59cb\u7d42\u5b58\u5728\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u64c1\u5974\u98a8\u6f6e\u548c\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u88ab\u7f8e\u570b\u9119\u70ba\u843d\u5f8c\u91ce\u883b\u7684\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e9\u57281821\u5e74\u7368\u7acb\u5f8c\u4fbf\u9010\u6b65\u5ee2\u5974\uff0c\u53cd\u89c0\u7f8e\u570b\u9072\u81f3\u6158\u70c8\u7684\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u5f8c\u624d\u6162\u6162\u9b06\u958b\u5c0d\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u67b7\u9396\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u8207\u525d\u524a\u4ecd\u662f\u500b\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u793e\u6703\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u843d\u5be6\u300a\u7f8e\u570b\u7368\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u7684\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u751f\u800c\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u4e14\u82e5\u56de\u9867\u7f8e\u570b\u7368\u7acb\u524d\u5f8c\u5c0d\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u7684\u722d\u8faf\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u64c1\u5974\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u8207\u7576\u524d\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5167\u5728\u908f\u8f2f\u6beb\u7121\u4e8c\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

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\"\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u806f\u90a6\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u58eb\u5175\u3002\uff08Library<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u7f8e\u570b\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u806f\u90a6\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u58eb\u5175\u3002\uff08Library of Congress\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u9ebb\u85a9\u8af8\u585e\u5dde\u6cd5\u5b98\u7d04\u7ff0\u2027\u8cfd\u82ac\uff08John Saffin\uff0c1626\u25001710\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u89c0\u5ff5\u5f37\u8abf\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u7684\u6b63\u7576\u6027\u8207\u795e\u8056\u6027\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9020\u4eba\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u64da\u968e\u7d1a\u8207\u624d\u667a\u800c\u6709\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u4e5f\u8a8d\u53ef\u84c4\u5974\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5ee2\u5974\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u300c\u9055\u80cc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u300d\uff1b\u7267\u5e2b\u6885\u745f\uff08Cotton Mather\uff0c1663\u25001728\u5e74\uff09\u4e5f\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u9ed1\u5974\u8207\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8cdc\u4e88\u5b50\u6c11\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u53d7\u6d17\u6210\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u5974\u96b8\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u9084\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u6559\u6703\u4ea6\u5728\u300c\u95dc\u611b\u300d\u5974\u96b8\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u5f15\u9032\u9ed1\u5974\u958b\u767c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7acb\u8ad6\u4ecd\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u4f4e\u767d\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\u3001\u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc\u958b\u5316\u4eba\u985e\u300d\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u73fe\u5be6\u56e0\u7d20\u8861\u91cf\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u7684\u64c1\u5974\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u5247\u4ee5\u5ee2\u5974\u5c07\u5e36\u4f86\u5927\u91cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u640d\u5931\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u8a66\u5716\u5408\u7406\u5316\u6b64\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u8457\u66f8\u547c\u7c72\u84c4\u5974\u7684\u5c3c\u65af\u6bd4\u7279\uff08Richard Nisbet\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u626d\u66f2\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u6307\u7a31\u9ed1\u4eba\u662f\u53d7\u8a5b\u5492\u7684\u542b\uff08Ham\uff09\u7684\u5f8c\u4ee3\u3001\u8a3b\u5b9a\u53d7\u5176\u4ed6\u7a2e\u65cf\u5974\u5f79\uff1b\u4e00\u9762\u8a08\u7b97\u82e5\u89e3\u653e\u897f\u5370\u5ea6\u7fa4\u5cf6\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\u6050\u5c07\u9020\u621040\u842c\u82f1\u938a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u640d\u5931\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u5c3c\u65af\u6bd4\u7279\u4e7e\u8106\u5ba3\u7a31\u5974\u96b8\u662f\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\uff0c\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u8c48\u6703\u8f15\u6613\u50b7\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\uff1f\u70ba\u6b64\uff0c\u5c3c\u65af\u6bd4\u7279\u4e0b\u4e86\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u7a31\u9ed1\u5974\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u300c\u9060\u6bd4\u73fe\u884c\u6b50\u6d32\u5c08\u5236\u4e3b\u7fa9\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u4f86\u5f97\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u904e\u8607\u683c\u862d\u8207\u611b\u723e\u862d\u7684\u8fb2\u6c11\u300d\uff0c\u65e2\u7dad\u8b77\u5974\u96b8\u5236\uff0c\u53c8\u85c9\u7531\u6307\u8cac\u6b50\u6d32\u570b\u5bb6\u4f86\u896f\u6258\u7f8e\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u7684\u512a\u8d8a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u300c\u767d\u4eba\u611b\u8b77\u9ed1\u5974\u300d\u7684\u7c89\u98fe\u4e4b\u8a5e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8aa4\u5c0e\u6027\uff0c\u9051\u8ad6\u5728\u7576\u6642\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u6709\u591a\u9ebc\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u7f8e\u570b\u7368\u7acb\u5f8c\u7684\u5317\u5361\u7f85\u840a\u7d0d\u5dde\u7267\u5e2b\u6d3e\u63d0\u6d1b\uff08Henry Pattillo\uff0c1726-1801\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u7a31\u662f\u4ee5\u300c\u611b\u300d\u4f86\u300c\u6559\u5c0e\u300d\u9ed1\u5974\uff0c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u6700\u5feb\u6a02\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u300d\u3002\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5dde\u6559\u6388\u675c\u4f9d\uff08Thomas Roderick Dew\uff0c1802-1846\u5e74\uff09\u9084\u8aa3\u884a\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u529b\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u90fd\u56b4\u91cd\u4f4e\u65bc\u767d\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u82e5\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u8a71\u5c07\u885d\u64ca\u793e\u6703\u6cbb\u5b89\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u300c\u540c\u60c5\u300d\u8207\u300c\u95dc\u611b\u300d\u4f86\u5974\u5f79\u3002\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9e\u5dde\u7684\u67d0\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u66f4\u6cbe\u6cbe\u81ea\u559c\u5730\u4ecb\u7d39\u81ea\u5df1\u5982\u4f55\u300c\u65bd\u6069\u300d\u7d66\u9ed1\u5974\uff1a\u300c\u70ba\u6211\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u84cb\u4e86\u5e7e\u68df\u8212\u9069\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u2026\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u9593\u5bec\u655e\u53c8\u8212\u9069\u7684\u91ab\u9662\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u5728\u9ed1\u4eba\u60a3\u75c5\u6642\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u6cbb\u7642\u2026\u6211\u6709\u4f4d\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u624b\uff0c\u6211\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u7434\u7d43\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u6bcf\u9031\u516d\u665a\u4e0a\u70ba\u9ed1\u4eba\u6f14\u594f\u81f3\u6df1\u591c12\u9ede\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\"\u6b63\u5728\u62cd\u8ce3\u9ed1\u5974\u5b30\u5152\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u5974\u96b8\u8ca9\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u5716\u4e2d\u53ef\u898b\u9ed1\u5974\u6bcd\u89aa\u6b63\u8dea\u5750\u5728\u5730\u54c0\u6c42\u3002\uff08Smithsonian\u300fs<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u6b63\u5728\u62cd\u8ce3\u9ed1\u5974\u5b30\u5152\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u5974\u96b8\u8ca9\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u5716\u4e2d\u53ef\u898b\u9ed1\u5974\u6bcd\u89aa\u6b63\u8dea\u5750\u5728\u5730\u54c0\u6c42\u3002\uff08Smithsonian\u300fs National Museum of African American History and Culture\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u4f46\u518d\u591a\u7684\u300c\u5fb7\u653f\u300d\u90fd\u63a9\u98fe\u4e0d\u4e86\u9ed1\u5974\u906d\u6355\u6349\u3001\u52de\u52d5\u525d\u524a\u3001\u6027\u5225\u58d3\u8feb\u3001\u5a01\u8105\u9aa8\u8089\u5206\u96e2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u4fe1\u55aa\u5931\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u65e9\u5e74\u662f\u5974\u96b8\u8ca9\u5b50\u7684\u7267\u5e2b\u7d04\u7ff0\u2027\u725b\u9813\uff08John Newton\uff0c1725\u25001807\u5e74\uff09\u70ba\u6b64\u826f\u5fc3\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u897f\u975e\u300c\u91ce\u883b\u7684\u3001\u5c1a\u672a\u958b\u5316\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u5be6\u884c\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8981\u6bd4\u6211\u5011\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u5236\u5ea6\u6e29\u548c\u5f97\u591a\u2026\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u90a3\u7a2e\u8db3\u4ee5\u69a8\u4e7e\u6211\u5011\u5974\u96b8\u7684\u8d85\u5f37\u5ea6\u548c\u9577\u6642\u9593\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u5de5\u4f5c\u300d\u3002\u800c\u5404\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5236\u5b9a\u5404\u7a2e\u56b4\u53b2\u6cd5\u4ee4\u8655\u7f70\u8131\u9003\u8207\u53cd\u53db\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u6df1\u77e5\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u985e\u6839\u672c\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\u88ab\u5974\u5f79\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5dde\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u6cd5\u7adf\u660e\u6587\u5141\u8a31\u5c0d\u9003\u5974\u300c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u5176\u80a2\u89e3\u300d\uff0c\u6df1\u61fc\u9ed1\u5974\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u4e5f\u6e32\u67d3\u9ed1\u5974\u300c\u96a8\u6642\u90fd\u6709\u62ff\u8d77\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u500b\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u7d55\u671b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u5361\u63d0\u6797\uff08Lucius Sergius Catilina\uff0c\u7d04\u516c\u5143\u524d108\u81f3\u524d62\u5e74\uff0c\u66fe\u5bc6\u8b00\u63a8\u7ffb\u5143\u8001\u9662\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff09\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u52d5\u4e00\u5834\u5974\u96b8\u6230\u722d\u300d\uff0c\u6b63\u986f\u9732\u56e0\u82db\u5f85\u9ed1\u5974\u800c\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5fc3\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e0d\u582a\u70ba\u5974\u800c\u9003\u5f80\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u7d04\u7ff0\u2027\u5229\u7279\u723e\uff08John Little\uff09\uff0c\u62fe\u8d77\u8f9b\u9178\u7684\u7b46\u5c16\u63a7\u8a34\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u507d\u5584\uff1a\u300c\u4ed6\u5011\u8aaa\u5974\u96b8\u5e78\u798f\u800c\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5974\u96b8\u7d93\u5e38\u767c\u51fa\u7b11\u8072\u3002\u767d\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u53e6\u5916\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u500b\u4eba\u5df2\u6371\u4e86200\u6b21\u97ad\u6253\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8173\u4e0a\u9084\u6234\u7740\u8173\u9410\uff1b\u800c\u5230\u4e86\u591c\u665a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u5f97\u5728\u9410\u92ac\u7684\u560e\u560e\u8072\u4e2d\u5531\u6b4c\u8df3\u821e\uff0c\u9017\u5225\u4eba\u54c8\u54c8\u5927\u7b11\u3002\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5f97\u5feb\u6a02\u4e00\u9ede\uff01\u4f46\u6211\u5011\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u58d3\u6291\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5fc3\u5152\u5fb9\u5e95\u7834\u788e\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

1838\u5e74\u9003\u5f80\u7f8e\u570b\u5317\u65b9\u7372\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u4f5c\u5bb6\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Frederick Douglass\uff0c1818\u25001895\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u81ea\u50b3\u88cf\u75db\u547c\uff1a\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6211\u662f\u5974\u96b8\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7576\u5974\u96b8\uff1f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u537b\u7576\u4e3b\u4eba\uff1f\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff1f\u300d1852\u5e747\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u66f4\u5728\u6f14\u8b1b\u4e2d\u8aaa\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u7368\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u6240\u9ad4\u73fe\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5049\u5927\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u5982\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8207\u751f\u4ff1\u4f86\u7684\u6b63\u7fa9\u80fd\u5920\u666e\u7167\u5230\u6211\u5011\u8eab\u4e0a\u55ce\uff1f\u4f60\u5011\u76847\u67084\u65e5\u5c0d\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5974\u96b8\u4f86\u8aaa\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u2026\u9019\u4e00\u5929\u6bd4\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5929\u66f4\u80fd\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u8207\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u2026\u4f60\u5011\u7684\u6176\u795d\u6703\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7f9e\u8fb1\uff1b\u4f60\u5011\u6240\u8a87\u8000\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u4e0d\u540d\u8b7d\u7684\u300d\u3002\u5b57\u5b57\u53e5\u53e5\u90fd\u98fd\u542b\u8840\u6dda\uff0c\u4ee4\u6563\u767c\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u5149\u8f1d\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u986f\u51fa\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u8840\u6c61\u3002<\/p>\n

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\"\u5728\u68c9\u82b1\u7530\u88cf\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed1\u5974\u3002\uff08History\u7db2\uff09\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5728\u68c9\u82b1\u7530\u88cf\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u9ed1\u5974\u3002\uff08History\u7db2\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u9ed1\u5974\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u8207\u6050\u61fc\uff0c\u9084\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u6d77\u5916\u3002\u5982\u897f\u534a\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u9ed1\u4eba\u5171\u548c\u570b\u6d77\u5730\uff0c\u65bc1791\u5e74\u7167\u7740\u6b96\u6c11\u5b97\u4e3b\u570b\u6cd5\u570b\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u535a\u611b\u300d\u7684\u5049\u5927\u5ba3\u8a00\u8209\u8d77\u7368\u7acb\u5927\u65d7\u6642\uff0c\u6cd5\u8ecd\u53cd\u800c\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u7d55\u5730\u6e21\u6d77\u524d\u4f86\u5f81\u8a0e\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u4e5f\u5fd9\u4e0d\u8fed\u5730\u652f\u6301\u6cd5\u570b\uff0c\u83ef\u76db\u9813\uff08George Washington\uff0c1732\u25001799\u5e74\uff09\u9084\u5411\u6cd5\u570b\u4fdd\u8b49\u5c07\u5354\u52a9\u300c\u527f\u5e73\u4ee4\u4eba\u9a5a\u6050\u7684\u9ed1\u9b3c\uff08Negros\uff09\u53db\u4e82\u300d\uff1b\u5091\u6590\u905c\uff08Thomas Jefferson\uff0c1743\u25001826\u5e74\uff09\u4e5f\u5fb5\u8a62\u6cd5\u570b\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u300c\u6e1b\u5c11\u9ed1\u4eba\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u671f\u5f85\u6cd5\u570b\u91cd\u65b0\u596a\u56de\u6d77\u5730\u3002\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5091\u6590\u905c\u9084\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5ee2\u5974\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\uff0c\u6b8a\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u5ee2\u5974\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u662f\u60f3\u4fdd\u6301\u7f8e\u570b\u7a2e\u65cf\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u7d14\u6f54\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e3b\u5f35\u5c07\u9ed1\u5974\u9001\u56de\u975e\u6d32\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u9858\u8b93\u6e20\u7b49\u5206\u4eab\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u751f\u800c\u5e73\u7b49\u300d\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f85\u6d77\u5730\u7368\u7acb\u6210\u529f\u5f8c\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7acb\u523b\u5c0d\u5176\u5be6\u65bd\u8cbf\u6613\u7981\u904b\u548c\u62d2\u7d55\u5916\u4ea4\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u7528\u610f\u6b63\u662f\u8981\u300c\u6559\u8a13\u300d\u9019\u500b\u7adf\u81bd\u6562\u8d77\u8eab\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\u570b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5974\u96b8\u4e3b\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u53eb\u56c2\u82e5\u8b93\u6d77\u5730\u5b98\u54e1\u5165\u5883\uff0c\u5f62\u540c\u300c\u5c0d\u8b00\u6bba\u4e3b\u4eba\u8207\u5176\u60c5\u5a66\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\u7684\u734e\u8cde\u300d\u3002\u76f4\u52301862\u5e74\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u627f\u8a8d\u6d77\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5c0d\u6d77\u5730\u7684\u53ad\u60e1\u4ecd\u7030\u6f2b\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u793e\u6703\u88cf\u30021893\u5e74\uff0c\u929c\u547d\u64d4\u4efb\u99d0\u6d77\u5730\u5927\u4f7f\u7684\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u6f14\u8b1b\u6642\u6279\u8a55\u5169\u570b\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u51b7\u6de1\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u6d77\u5730\u662f\u9ed1\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5f9e\u672a\u539f\u8ad2\u751f\u70ba\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u6d77\u5730\uff0c\u6216\u539f\u8ad2\u9020\u7269\u4e3b\u8b93\u5979\u6210\u70ba\u9ed1\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u56e0\u6b642018\u5e741\u6708\u8b3e\u7f75\u6d77\u5730\u662f\u300c\u5c4e\u5751\u300d\uff08Shithole\uff09\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u7279\u6717\u666e\uff08Donald Trump\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u8868\u9054\u5e7e\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u7f8e\u570b\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u5c0d\u9ed1\u4eba\u3001\u5c0d\u6d77\u5730\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u504f\u898b\uff0c\u7d55\u975e\u5929\u5916\u98db\u4f86\u4e00\u7b46\u7684\u80e1\u8a00\u4e82\u8a9e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u6797\u80af\u5728\u5357\u5317\u6230\u722d\u672b\u671f\u5ba3\u544a\u89e3\u653e\u5974\u96b8\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u9ed1\u5974\u4e26\u975e\u5c31\u6b64\u4e00\u5e06\u98a8\u9806\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5357\u65b9\u9ed1\u5974\u88ab\u5317\u8ecd\u64c4\u7372\u5f8c\uff0c\u9001\u5f80\u8fb2\u5834\u5f37\u5236\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u52de\u52d5\u300d\u4ee5\u63db\u53d6\u7ce7\u98df\uff0c\u5883\u6cc1\u50c5\u6bd4\u70ba\u5974\u6642\u597d\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u800c\u70ba\u4e86\u5438\u5f15\u5357\u65b9\u6b78\u5fc3\u8207\u5229\u7528\u68c9\u7530\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u7a4d\u6975\u4e3b\u5c0e\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u5317\u65b9\u6d3e\u9078\u64c7\u9000\u8b93\uff0c\u9ed8\u8a31\u5357\u65b9\u5404\u5dde\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u9053\u53c8\u4e00\u9053\u525d\u596a\u61c9\u627f\u7d66\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u88fd\u9020\u7a2e\u65cf\u9694\u96e2\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e26\u672a\u4fdd\u969c\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u773e\u8b70\u54e1\u53f2\u8482\u6587\u65af\uff08Thaddeus Stevens\uff0c1792\u25001868\u5e74\uff09\u66fe\u5efa\u8b70\u7d66\u6bcf\u500b\u81ea\u7531\u9ed1\u4eba\u5206\u914d40\u82f1\u755d\u548c1\u5339\u9a3e\u5b50\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u4eca\u5f9e\u672a\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u53f2\u5bb6\u5df4\u666e\u8482\u65af\u7279\uff08Edward E. Baptist\uff09\u9042\u9019\u6a23\u6558\u8ff0\uff1a\u300c\u9ed1\u4eba\u5011\u4e00\u76f4\u95dc\u6ce8\u7740\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u90a3\u4e9b\u8c61\u5fb5\u81ea\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u548c\u65d7\u5e5f\u9010\u6f38\u958b\u59cb\u840e\u9761\u3001\u892a\u8272\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\"\u66fe\u70ba\u5974\u96b8\u7684\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u7372\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u5f8c\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u3002\uff08Getty\uff09\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u66fe\u70ba\u5974\u96b8\u7684\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u7372\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u5f8c\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u3002\uff08Getty\uff09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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